Particle–hole symmetries in condensed matter
نویسندگان
چکیده
The term “particle–hole symmetry” is beset with conflicting meanings in contemporary physics. Conceived and written from a condensed-matter standpoint, the present paper aims to clarify sharpen terminology. In that vein, we propose define operation of conjugation” as tautological algebra automorphism simply swaps single-fermion creation annihilation operators, construct its invariant lift Fock space. Particle–hole symmetries then arise for gapful or gapless free-fermion systems at half filling, concatenation particle–hole conjugation one another involution reverses sign first-quantized Hamiltonian. We illustrate construction principle series examples including Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model Kitaev–Majorana chain. For an enhanced perspective, contrast charge-conjugation symmetry relativistic Dirac fermions. go on two major applications realm interacting electrons. one, offer heuristic argument celebrated Haldane phase antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains adiabatically connected topological protected by symmetry. another, review recent proposal Son [Phys. Rev. X 5, 031027 (2015)] symmetric effective field theory half-filled lowest Landau level, comment emerging microscopic picture composite fermion.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Mathematical Physics
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0022-2488', '1527-2427', '1089-7658']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0035358